The mission of the International Journal of Doctoral Studies (IJDS) is to provide readers worldwide with high quality peer-reviewed scholarly articles spanning the wide variety of issues in doctoral studies. The editorial objective of IJDS is to inform all those involved with doctoral education regardless of specific discipline. IJDS articles discuss issues such as (but not limited to) the following: doctoral supervision, doctoral dissertation and/or research, the nature and future of doctoral programs, doctoral program design, experiences in doctoral programs, attrition and persistence in doctoral programs, doctoral qualifiers and examinations, doctoral program accreditation, copyright and intellectual properties in doctoral research, climate and support for doctoral study, career path and employment of doctoral graduates, as well as research and publication issues in academia. IJDS especially encourages publications authored by faculty members and/or academic administrators who...