Quality Assurance in Primary Health Care: An Indian Experience is an attempt by the authors to capture the transitions in the concept of quality of health care, the changing paradigms of quality - from Quality Assessment to Total Quality Management to Quality Assurance, and the role it has played in changing the outlook towards health systems around the world. Many key concepts of Quality Assurance such as Medical Audit and Quality Improvement cycle also find an appropriate place in the text. Finally, the authors showcase the improvements achieved in the primary health care system after implementation of a Quality Assurance Plan under a rural set up in the Indian state of Maharashtra with modest indicators of health service utilization, and propose how such a plan can be replicated in other developing nations.