Curriculum is one of the most important elements in improving the quality of higher education, and one of the most important elements in curriculum is needs assessment. In this book we review definitions of curriculum and needs assessment. Then we describe many tools and methods for needs assessment, especially for medical curriculum planing. The aim of this book is to introduce some needs assessment tools for who want to do a need assessment for curriculum planning. There are many curriculum planning and needs assessment methods; therefore we focus on only needs assessment methods that are more useful for medical curriculums. Some researchers do a task analysis to determine educational needs. Therefore in chapter 5 we introduce task analysis. And at the end of the chapter, you can see some needs assessment according to task analysis for medical education.?