High Quality Content by WIKIPEDIA articles! A poll tax (head tax or capitation tax, per U.S. English usage) is a tax of a portioned, fixed amount applied to an individual in accordance with the census (as opposed to a percentage of income). When a corvee is commuted for cash payment, in effect it becomes a poll tax (and vice versa, if a poll tax obligation can be worked off). Head taxes were important sources of revenue for many governments from ancient times until the nineteenth century. There have been several famous (and infamous) cases of head taxes in history, notably a tax formerly required for voting in parts of the United States that was designed to disenfranchise poor people, including African Americans, Native Americans, and white people of foreign descent. In the United Kingdom, poll taxes were levied by the governments of John of Gaunt in the fourteenth century, Charles II in the seventeenth and Margaret Thatcher in the twentieth century. Данное издание представляет собой...