It has been locally and international acknowledged that small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in the economy of a country. Existing studies indicate that governments in developed and developing countries like Uganda have embarked on policies to harness and boost SMEs. The study was carried out to critical analyse the public policy on small business enterprises in Uganda taking a case study of four main districts with the highest business activities of small businesses in each region of the country, namely: Kampala in central, Mbale district in eastern, Mbarara district in western and Lira district in Northern Uganda which is a fair benchmark for other areas. It is important to note that the results of this study will benefit small business owners to know the impact of public policy and this will help to lobby with the small business enterprise support institutions. For instance, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (MFPED) may use these empirical results to lobby with government to create conducive conditions for small businesses.