Inflation targeting is a monetary policy framework that attracted many countries in the 1990s as a result of the disappointing performance under other regimes, mainly exchange rates targeting or monetary aggregate targeting. Due to its success in many developed and developing countries, the Central Bank of Egypt announced its intention to introduce inflation targeting regime to anchor its monetary policy when the basic prerequisites are satisfied. The book outlines the theoretical justification behind choosing inflation targeting and discusses its advantages and disadvantages, as well as compares it with other monetary regimes. The core of the book is to investigate the applicability of inflation targeting regime in Egypt by examining the extent to which the conditions of that regime are met.