Endometriosis is a puzzling disease with little known about its true prevalence or its risk factors. Data on the impact of endometriosis on health status, and quality of life among women in developing countries are scant. The basic epidemiology of endometriosis among Egyptian women did not warrant the attention of many researchers. This book presents the results of a study of the risk factors and QoL among women with endometriosis in Alexandria, Egypt. The results showed a reverse association between endometriosis and gravidity, menstrual cycle length and overweight. The study also uncovered increased risk of endometriosis among women with irregular cycles and among those who had family history of the disease. Women with endometriosis suffered from chronic pain symptoms that could be described by about one third of them to be severe, and many reported having these chronic pain symptoms all- over the month. The present study confirms the previous findings of long period of delay in diagnosing endometriosis in many parts of the world.