Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with impairment in normal memory. The incidence of AD is at high and is expected to increase through the year 2050 with an estimated prevalence of 11 to 16 million cases. Due to the symptomatic nature of treatment, developing new remedy for AD is ultimate goal for present and future researchers. This can be achieved by identifying the vital biomarkers which allocate a scrupulous insight in to the pathogenesis of AD. Characterization of amyloid-? (A?) and tau was the main breakthrough in etiology of AD. A? is the degradation product of amyloid precursor protein (APP) which produces A?40 and A?42 of which A?42 is most perilous form causing plaques responsible for the neuronal degradation. In this context, numerous compounds are currently undergoing pre-clinical and clinical evaluations. This Book presents recent research advances on core candidates of AD-related biomarkers, current therapeutic agents, drugs under clinical trials and gives a conceptual overview on how to implement biomarkers in clinical trials and drug discovery against AD.