The Temporomandibular joint ankylosis has been the subject of considerable interest and scientific investigation for many years. The temporomandibular joint as such is one of the most complex of the facial struchures, producing many problems in its various pathological states. Ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint is one of the rather uncommon pathologic conditions which produces severs deformity. The deformity is due to the natural structure of the joint undergoing change morphologically as well as histologically. It is frequently seen today in developing and third world countries where good medical care has not yet reached. This book comprehensively covers the comprehensive review on the anatomy of Temporomandibular Joint, etiology of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis and details regarding surgery as treatment followed by its reconstruction.