Technology has been thought and discussed as one of the pivotal sources of economic growth. As the importance of technology and R& D, as its embodied form, being increased of its importance, a critical concern has been given on how to organize technology development. The concern is not confined to developing countries, but also extends to advanced nations due to a trait of knowledge intensive economies, which require longer and more complex linkages from knowledge to the actual production of goods and services.This book covers the issue of organizing technology development with multinational cases ranging from Korea, Japan to United States and other countries with universally applicable theories that provide possibilities for application in other countries. The other peculiarity of this book is that it presents not only what has happened in its analysis, but also tries to describe possible future trends. Changing contexts of capitalism has increased necessity to organize technology development even for advanced nations as long as they are regarded as knowledge intensive economies. Against the dynamic of longer & more complex linkages from knowledge to production, the answer from the economy & society was to increase R&D to "ride" the dynamic of "intensified" technology requirements.